Dysarthria

Dysarthria in MND is caused by weakness and incoordination of the muscles used for speech.

This can affect:

• articulation (clarity of speech)
• voice quality (for example, hoarse, strained or breathy voice)
• volume and projection
• speech rate and control.

Speech changes are often progressive and may vary depending on the pattern of disease involvement.

Early changes can be subtle and may be noticed by the person, family members, or professionals.

You may notice:

• slurred or unclear speech
• reduced volume or difficulty being heard
• changes in speech rate, for example speaking more slowly
• increased effort or fatigue when speaking
• difficulty being understood, particularly in noisy environments.

Over time, speech may become more difficult to understand.

Dysarthria can affect how a person communicates, participates in conversations, and expresses their needs and preferences.

This may impact:

• everyday communication
• social interaction and relationships
• involvement in care and decision making.

Communication difficulties can lead to frustration, reduced confidence, and social withdrawal.

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) may be introduced to support or replace speech.

This can include:

• low tech options, such as communication boards or writing
• high tech options, such as speech generating devices.

Introducing AAC early can support a smoother transition if speech becomes more difficult.

Support from an SLT is important in assessing needs and selecting appropriate options.

See our AAC web page for more detailed information.

You may find the following resources helpful:

Communication, speech and language support

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) web page

Training film on bulbar weakness

Speech infographic

Information on speech and communication for people with or affected by MND

You can find further guidance on symptom management and support across the Management of MND section.